Tuesday, June 26, 2012


Colonialism and colonial administration of centuries past give of us so many of the societal problems descended from those times, with so many of them still in the forefront of our lives. Just a few included would be race, class, clash of systems and cultures, and the demand and distribution of resources. There are a number of seeds planted in a few examples that especially piqued my curiosity when performing our readings this week.

Moscow City State to Russia

The history of the Russians and their beginning as a city state were particularly for interesting for me. I was ignorant of the fact that Siberia was so completely desolate and only held about 200,000 people around 1600-1700. Like in America, these Europeans brought and spread diseases. I know many think such diseases were spread on purpose, but most of us have no knowledge of the poor level of hygiene of most Europeans at that time. Giving a native Siberian a coat in an act of kindness or trade might be an act to bring death by the spread of disease—malice or bad intentions likely had little to do with such deaths.

Spanish Governance

When reading about the state of Spanish colonization in the new world, I am interested in the levels of bureaucracy that made their achievements different than the British, French, or Portuguese. I was most surprised to find that the Spanish ran the Philippians in a double layer of administration:  Officials in Mexico oversaw the administration of those islands, while reporting to another in Spain. Some communications took eleven months one way. At the same time, a reverse arrangement had been made to ship Mexican silver through the Philippians, then to the rest of Asia. The inefficiencies were certainly substantial.

Blending of Christianity in Art

 Sculpture on display in the Casa Santo Domingo
Antigua, Guatemala
I have had to reconsider my impressions of much I’ve seen travelling, having photographed and admired many things without understanding the correct interpretation of what an artist might have done. My wife is from Antigua, Guatemala; the old capitol city. It moved because of tremendous series of earthquakes destroying much of the city in the late 1600’s.  We have crawled over a lot of the ruins, and I must say that when I observe our photos of statues, civic and at the fallen cathedrals, I certainly missed the blended nature of cultures. Art is sometimes more than a method or fashion, but a way to say, “What is ours is still here.”


Tuesday, June 5, 2012


I wanted to add some information this week on the subject of the Dalits, meaning the crushed or broken ones; also known as  the Untouchables. My first  personal exposure to their plight involved Indian naturalized citizens that were officers in the U. S. Army. I had a medical specialty skill and my organization had a glut of individuals ranked O-4 (Major) and higher; an anomaly for any other type of unit.


There was a dispute involving a doctor ranked as a Captain (O-3) and a Lieutenant Colonel (O-5) It regarded the Captain's refusal to salute the Colonel, only because he knew the senior officer was from the Dalit caste. In his homeland, many would find this gifted surgeon "less than human." A for the U.S. Army? Deciding not to salute a superior is not tolerated, even in a unit like mine that many found "free-wheeling" within a military context. A courts martial convened about this, with the junior officer unrepentant in his disposition, so he was dishonorably released from the military.

Every day 1.3 million people in India (of which more than 80% are Dalit women) are forced to clean human excrement with their bare hands for little to no wages, a practice called manual scavenging. On June 17, 2011, Prime Minister Singh called manual scavenging “one of the darkest blots on [India’s] development process” and asked all State Ministers to pledge to eliminate this scourge from every corner of India by the end of 2011. 
In India, the discrimination of this group is much more severe. What follows is a video you will find at the Dalit Freedom Network. The  300 million Dalits suffer disciminations of wage, education, career and job placement, as well as child and women trafficking significantly higher than the general population. Many Dalits suffer beatings and killings for an attempt to leave their lives in a Hindu caste by converting to Christianity or Islam. The objections include the need for by those in higher castes to have the Dalits play their role in Hinduism as the lowest rung.